[tense dalam b.Inggris]
Present => menunjukkan waktu sekarang/saat ini.
Present terbagi menjadi 4 yaitu :
1 . present tense
Kata kerja yang menunjukkan fakta,kebiasaan, kejadian yang terjadi saat ini.
Rumusnya :
Positive > S+V1(S/ES)
Negative > S+DO/DOES+NOT+V1
Interrogative > DO/DOES+S+V1
Example: (+) he drinks milk
(-) he doesn’t drink milk
(?)does he drink milk ?
2 . present continuous tense
Kata kerja yang menunjukkan aksi yang sedang berlangsung sekarang/rencana dimasa yang akan datang, tense ini sering di iringi adverb of time untuk memperjelasnya.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S+Tobe+Not+VIng
Negative > S+Tobe+VIng
Interrogative > Tobe+S+VIng+?
Example: (+) we are studying now
(-) we aren’t studying now
(?) are we studying now ?
3 . present perfect tense
Kata kerja yang menunjukkan suatu perbuatan yang sudah dikerjakan dan berkaitan dengan masa sekarang.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S + Have/Has +V3
Negative > S + Have/Has + Not + V3
Interrogative > Have/Has + S + V3 +?
Example: (+) I have lived here for 2 years
(-) I haven’t lived here for 2 years
(?) have I/you lives here for 2 years ?
4 . present perfect continuous tense
Kata kerja yang menunjukkan suatu perbuatan/ kejadian yang baru saja selesai.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S +Have/Has + Been + Ving
Negative > S +Have/Has + Been + Ving
Interrogative > Have/Has + S + Been + Ving + ?
Example: (+) she has been eating
(-) she hasn’t been eating
(?) has she been eating ?
Past => menunjukkan waktu lampau/dahulu.
1 . past tense
Kata kerja yang menyatakan bentuk lampau (tidak harus dahulu yang lama tetapi sudah berlalu).
Rumusnya:
Positive > S+V2
Negative > S+Did + Not + V1
Interrogative > Did + S + V1 + ?
Example : (+) he bought a pair of shoes
Yesterday
(-) he didn’t buy a pair of shoes
yesterday
(?) did he buy a pair of shoes
Yesterday
2 . past continuous tense
Kata kerja yang menyatakan peristiwa yang sedang terjadi juga tetapi bukan terjadi sekarang melainkan dulu dan sudah lewat.
Rumusnya :
Positive > S + Was/Were + Ving
Negative > S + Was/Were + Not + Ving
Interrogative > Was/Were + S + Ving + ?
Example : (+) he was cooking
(-) he wasn’t cooking
(?) was he cooking ?
3 . past perfect tense
Bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan, menyatakan sesuatu yang telah selesai dilakukan pada saat itu (dimasa lampau/waktu yang telah berlalu).
Rumusnya:
Positive > S + Had + V3
Negative > S + Had + Not + V3
Interrogative > Had + S + V3 + ?
Example : (+)my brother had a slept
(-)my brother hadn’t a slept
(?) had my brother a slept ?
4 . past perfect continuous tense
Bentuk yang digunakan untuk menyatakaan hal / peristiwa yang sedang dan sudah terjadi dimasa lampau.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S+ Had + Been + Ving
Negative > S + Had + Not + Been + Ving
Interrogative > Had + S+ Been + Ving + ?
Example: (+) she had been reading a novel
(-) she had not been reading a novel
(?)had she been reading a novel ?
Future => menunjukkan waktu kemudian/ nanti.
1 . future tense
Waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang akan terjadi ( nati akan terjadi).
Rumusnya:
Positive > S + Will + V1
Negative > S + Will + Not + V1
Interrogative > Will + S + V1 + ?
Example: (+) He will go to Bandung tomorrow
(-) He will not go to Bandung tomorrow
(?) Will he go to Bandung tomorrow
2 . future continuous tense
Waktu yang digunakan untuk menunjukan peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi dimasa yang akan datang.
Rumusnya :
Positive > S + Will + Be + Ving
Negative > S + Will + Not + Be + Ving
Interrogative > Will + S + Be + Ving + ?
Example: (+) She will be reading at 8 p.m
(-) She will not be reading at 8 p.m
(?) Will she be reading at 8 p.m ?
3 . Future perfect tense
Bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang akan selesai dimasa depan dan akan selasai dimasa lalu.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S+ Will + Have + V3
Negative > S + Will + Not + Have + V3
Interrogative > Will + S + Have + V3
Example: (+)Dika will have rented my house month
(-)Dika will not have rented my house next month
(?)Will Dika have rented my house next Month ?
4 . Future perfect continuous tense
Suatu bentuk kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi akan sudah berlangsung sekian lama pada titik waktu tertentu dimasa depan dan peristiwa yang akan datang.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S + Will + Have + Been + Ving
Negative > S + Will + Not + Have + Been + Ving
Interrogative > Will + S + Have + Been + Ving + ?
Example: (+) the cat will have been sleeping long
(-) the cat will not have been sleeping
long
(?) will the cat have been sleeping long?
5 . past future tense
Kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menayatakan peristiwa yang akan dilakukan tetapi dimasa lampau bukan saat ini.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S + Would + V1
Negative > S + Would + Not + V1
Interrogative > Would + S + V1 +?
Example: (+) You would work
(-) You would not work
(?) Would you work ?
6 . past future continuous tense
Bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang akan sedang dilakukan diwaktu tertentu dimasa yang akan datang.
Rumusnya:
Positive : S + Would + Be + Ving
Negative : S + Would + Not + Be + Ving
Interrogative : Would + S + Be + Ving + ?
Example: (+) I would be taekwondo training at 6
yesterday
(-) I would not be taekwondo training
at 6 yesterday
(?) Would you be taekwondo training at
6 yesterday ?
7 . past future perfect tense
Menyatakan sesuatu yang sudah terjadi , tetapi AKAN namun posisinya sudah berlalu.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S + Would + Have + V3
Negative > S + Would + Not + Have + V3
Interrogative > Would + S + Have + V3 + ?
Example: (+) they would have driven home
(-)they would not have driven home
(?)would they have driven home ?
8 . past future perfect continuous tense
Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang akan, telah dan masih berlangsung dimasa yang lalu, masa lampau.
Rumusnya:
Positive > S + Would + Have + Been + Ving
Negative > S + Would + Not + Have + Been +Ving
Interrogative >Would + S+ Have + Been + Ving + ?
Example: (+) She would have been working there
1 years
(-) She wouldn’t have been working
there 1 years
(?)Would she have been working there
1 years ?
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